IASTM (Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization)

What Is It Good For?

Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM) is a popular manual therapy technique used by physical therapists, chiropractors, and sports medicine professionals to treat soft tissue injuries and improve mobility. By using specialised tools, IASTM helps to break down scar tissue, reduce muscle tightness, and enhance overall movement. This blog will explore what IASTM is, how it works, and its benefits for various conditions and injuries.

1. What is IASTM?

Definition: IASTM, or Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization, involves using specially designed tools to manipulate the skin, fascia, muscles, and tendons. These tools are typically made from stainless steel and have various shapes and edges to target different areas of the body.

Purpose: The technique is used to detect and treat fascial restrictions, scar tissue, and adhesions that can impair movement and cause pain. By applying controlled microtrauma to the affected tissues, IASTM stimulates a healing response that encourages tissue remodelling and repair.

Common Tools:

Graston Technique® Tools: One of the most well-known IASTM methods, using a set of six stainless steel instruments.
Gua Sha Tools: Traditional Chinese medicine tools that have been adapted for modern therapeutic use.
EDGE Mobility Tools: Used by therapists to treat a variety of soft tissue dysfunctions.

2. How Does IASTM Work?

Mechanism: IASTM works by applying pressure through the instruments to the soft tissues, which helps to:

Break Down Scar Tissue and Adhesions: The instruments can break down abnormal scar tissue and adhesions, which can limit movement and cause pain.
Stimulate a Healing Response: The controlled microtrauma induced by the instruments stimulates the body’s natural healing processes, increasing blood flow and cellular activity in the area.
Improve Fascial Mobility: The technique releases fascial restrictions, allowing for better mobility and reduced tension in the muscles and surrounding tissues.

Application:

Assessment: The therapist uses the tools to scan and identify areas of restriction or abnormal tissue texture.
Treatment: The therapist then applies various strokes with the instruments, using appropriate pressure to target the affected areas.
Feedback: The texture and feedback from the tools help the therapist identify the severity and location of the restrictions.

3. What Is IASTM Good For?

Treating Soft Tissue Injuries:

Chronic Conditions: IASTM is effective for chronic conditions such as tendinitis, plantar fasciitis, and chronic muscle pain. It helps break down long-standing scar tissue and adhesions that contribute to these conditions.
Acute Injuries: It can also be used in the early stages of recovery from acute injuries like sprains or strains to help manage inflammation and promote healing.

Reducing Pain and Inflammation:

Pain Relief: By breaking down tissue restrictions and improving blood flow, IASTM can reduce pain associated with soft tissue injuries and chronic conditions.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects: The technique helps decrease inflammation in the targeted areas, making it useful for conditions like tendinitis.

Improving Range of Motion and Flexibility:

Joint Mobility: IASTM is commonly used to improve joint mobility by releasing tight fascia and muscles that restrict movement.
Muscle Flexibility: It helps lengthen tight muscles and restore their normal function, enhancing overall flexibility.

Enhancing Athletic Performance:

Muscle Recovery: Athletes use IASTM to aid muscle recovery after intense training or competition, reducing soreness and stiffness.
Injury Prevention: By maintaining soft tissue health and flexibility, IASTM can help prevent injuries that result from muscle imbalances or restricted movement.

Post-Surgical Rehabilitation:

Scar Tissue Management: IASTM is beneficial in post-surgical rehabilitation for managing scar tissue, improving range of motion, and reducing pain in the affected areas.
Accelerated Recovery: The technique promotes faster recovery by stimulating tissue healing and reducing adhesions that can form after surgery.

4. What to Expect During an IASTM Session

Consultation:

Assessment: Your therapist will begin with an assessment to identify your specific needs and determine if IASTM is appropriate for you.
Discussion: They will explain the procedure, expected outcomes, and any potential side effects.

Procedure:

Application of Tools: The therapist will apply the instruments to your skin using specific strokes and varying pressure to treat the affected areas.
Duration: A typical IASTM session lasts between 10-30 minutes, depending on the areas being treated and the severity of the condition.

Sensations:

Mild Discomfort: You may feel mild discomfort, similar to a deep tissue massage, as the therapist works on the areas of restriction.
Redness and Bruising: It’s common to experience redness and mild bruising after the treatment due to the increased blood flow and microtrauma to the tissue.

Aftercare:

Hydration: Drink plenty of water post-treatment to help flush out toxins and support tissue recovery.
Rest and Recovery: Allow time for rest and avoid strenuous activity immediately after the session to maximise the benefits of the treatment.

5. Is IASTM Right for You?

Ideal Candidates:

Chronic Pain: Individuals with chronic pain conditions or persistent soft tissue injuries may benefit from IASTM.
Athletes: Athletes looking to enhance performance, recover from intense training, or prevent injuries can incorporate IASTM into their recovery routine.
Post-Surgical Patients: Those recovering from surgery can use IASTM as part of their rehabilitation to manage scar tissue and improve mobility.

Considerations:

Contraindications: IASTM may not be suitable for individuals with certain conditions, such as open wounds, fractures, skin infections, or active inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
Professional Guidance: Always seek treatment from a licensed and experienced practitioner who is trained in IASTM techniques to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Conclusion

IASTM is a powerful manual therapy technique that offers a range of benefits for individuals dealing with soft tissue injuries, pain, and restricted mobility. By using specialised tools to break down scar tissue, improve circulation, and enhance muscle flexibility, IASTM can be an effective part of your rehabilitation or athletic performance plan. Whether you’re managing a chronic condition, recovering from surgery, or simply looking to improve your mobility, IASTM may be a valuable addition to your treatment strategy. Always consult with a qualified practitioner to ensure that IASTM is the right choice for your specific needs.